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Is OCD Hereditary?

OCD has a complex etiology, meaning several factors are involved in its development. But one of the most evident patterns is familial aggregation, suggesting that the condition may have a genetic component. So, can OCD be passed down family lines?

What is OCD?

OCD, or obsessive-compulsive disorder, is a mental disorder that causes people to experience persistent, distressing thoughts, mental images, or urges (obsessions) and engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions).

For example, someone with OCD may have a crippling fear of germs and feel compelled to obsessively wash their hands repetitively or wipe surfaces multiple times a day to avoid contamination.

People with OCD often realize that their thoughts and behaviors are irrational, but they cannot seem to help it. As a result, OCD can be very debilitating and can interfere with a person’s ability to function in daily life. 

The Link Between OCD and Genetics

There is a strong familial link between OCD and other psychiatric disorders, which shows that genetics play a role, at least in part, in the development of OCD. Studies have shown that first-degree relatives (children and siblings) of people with OCD are up to five times more likely to develop OCD than the general population.

Genetic studies have also identified several different genes and gene variations that may underlie the development of OCD. However, it is essential to remember that genes are just one piece of the puzzle and don’t necessarily cause OCD on their own. Rather, they may make a person more vulnerable to developing OCD or other psychiatric disorders in the presence of certain environmental and biological factors.

Other risk factors linked to the development of OCD include differences in brain structure and functionality, childhood trauma, extreme stress, or other mental illnesses.

Treating OCD Symptoms

If you or someone you know is showing signs of OCD, it is crucial to seek professional help as soon as possible. A trained mental health professional can perform a conclusive evaluation and diagnosis and devise a personalized treatment plan.

Ketamine infusions have the possibility to provide rapid symptom relief to OCD patients. An open Ketamine trial done in 2012 for subjects with OCD found significant improvement in OCD symptoms. Latest research suggests relief within 10 minutes of a Ketamine infusion and a complete stop to obsessions up to 30-minutes post-infusion.

There is no one-size-fits-all approach to treating OCD, but most treatment plans will likely include a combination of medication, psychotherapy, and self-care. OCD is a long-term condition, and the goal of treatment is to help people manage the symptoms and minimize their impact on day-to-day life.

The Bottom Line

While the exact cause of OCD is not yet fully understood, research suggests genetic predisposition plays a huge role in its development, with nearly 50 percent of OCD cases having a familial link.

However, having a close relative with OCD does not necessarily mean developing the disorder yourself. Some people may even develop OCD without any family history of the condition whatsoever.

If you are concerned about your risk of developing OCD, talk to a mental health professional who can help you assess the situation and provide guidance on how to best protect and preserve your mental wellness.

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